Petroleum Economic and Oil field management 2013-2014 Essay

Petroleum Economic and Oil field management 2013-2014 - Essay Example Secondly, the natural gas industry requires a firm that has financial muscle to produce the natural gas because it is an expensive venture. Such a firm will have excessive power to dominate control, and regulation initiatives even from governments especially if it is a multinational company. The natural gas industry mainly operates through pipeline transportation and distribution aspects, which are naturally monopolistic because they are characterized by high fixed costs and long lead time making duplication uneconomical. This creates a wide barrier to entry for potential participants and competitors. They also require price and non-price regulation. Without effective regulation, the natural gas industry can develop into a natural monopoly. In fact, price regulations sometimes fail to control the prices because such prices depend on various factors such as production costs, inflation and transportation costs among others (DiLorenzo, 1996:45). In situations where governments run the natural gas industry, the industry turns to state monopoly such as in Mexico. The Mexican government introduced a program of reform in 1988. However, it was until 1995 that reform in natural gas industry began to include private companies. However, before this, state owned firms controlled the industry making it a monopoly. In fact, even after the entrance of private firms state owned firms still ruled the market making it a state monopoly (Joskow, 2007:1227). Q1 represents entire size of the market. Point E1 is the equilibrium that cooresponds to quantity at Q1 and determines the price at P1. Thus, when there is one firm only producing natural gas, the marginal cost of supply is P1 and is lower than the duopoly price P2. Thus, the presence of one firm in the market will be price efficient compared to two firms. If the natural gas industry

War in Iraq on the US economy Essay Example for Free

War in Iraq on the US economy Essay The United States’ minding the business of Iraq has been classified as a good deed by some people especially the people of Kuwait. Here Iraq invaded Kuwait to annex it as one of its provinces under the leadership of Iraq’s Saddam Hussein. However, some quarters feel that this is an invasion into the private affairs of Iraq. One article called the United States under George Bush as the Pentagon Zionists. They both claim that the uninvited meddling of the internal affairs of Iraq has precipitated into weakening of the United States Economy as well as the other countries that have aided them in the war against Iraq. The weakening of the economy has been characterized as the skyrocketing world oil prices caused by the war on Iraq. Likewise, the war in Iraq has been characterized by too much money funneled out of the United States economy and into the war in Iraq. For, it costs money to buy the war planes, war boats, war ammunitions, the hiring of soldiers to go into Iraq and other military operating expenses (Petras, 2005) . Likewise, the United States war on Iraq has similar characteristics with the war it has fought in the prior years such as the Korean War, the Civil War, World War I and World War II. Meaning, the United States’ entry into the warpath shows how a well oiled war machine and ideology based coherent and monetarily blessed few with their highly placed thinkers in the highest policy making organizations of the state can bend official government policy to favor the needs of the foreign power over and against recognized economic interests (Ibid). Further, the oppositionists to the United States’ meddling insists that the generalized invasion of Iraq by the American Zionists against an Arab State and its citizens. The reason for the Iraq Invasion was because the United States wanted to help the Jews of Israel to expand their borders well inside the Palestinian state. For, there is an open agreement between the United States and Israel to push their Zionist influence well into Arab territories. This was code named A Middle East Common Market plan. This was the basic formula adopted for a permanent war in the Middle East. The oppositionists believe that the Zionist want to install their philosophy of free market and democracy. This formula was thought to be heartily embraced by both the liberal and the conservative politicians in the United States thereby depriving the Iraqi people their right to basic democratic rights as well as their own domestic markets(Ibid). Introductorily, some quarters believe that the United States continues to increase their daily losses from money and casualties together with their coalition partner countries with their continued involvement in the Iraq territory’s internal affairs. Some quarters believe that many of the war partners of the United States have already gone home to their own countries leaving the United States and its closest friends behind in Iraq. For the enemies of the United States believe that there are a few Zionists running the government and influencing it to wage war against Iraq. Some quarters believe that the continued presence of the American Forces in Iraq is one of the major forces that caused the devaluation of the United States dollar. Consequently, many of the people inside and outside the United States wants to put an end to the Iraq war by rallying being their message to the United States government to bring back home their sons, fathers, brothers, cousins, neighbors, friends and the like from the war torn district of Iraq. For, many members of the United States military feel that of the disillusionment that the war on Iraq has brought to the soldiers of the United States and their allies from a couple of countries as well as the civilian populations in those countries. The most vocal of which is France who staunchly rallied behind a no –invasion of Iraq policy in the United Nations. The few people in the United States government were so good at selling their plan to send military troops into Iraq (Ibid). In terms of macroeconomics, the United States admittedly suffered large casualties in Iraq and the war debt generated by the United States from their uninvited adventures into Iraq has been growing by an average amount of billions of United States dollars per day. Some quarters believe that the few Zionist people in the United States government were instrumental enough to poison the other members of the government to almost cut their ambassadorial relationship with France and the other European nations that were steadfast in their decision not to interfere with the internal affairs of Iraq. Economically, the main purpose of the United States’ trespassing into Iraq’s territorial jurisdiction was to ensure that the United States would control the privatization as well as the denationalization of the Iraq oil industry. Another goal of the United States’ invasion of Iraq and the removal from power of Saddam Hussein was to decapitate the current European benefits that came from the reconstruction of Iraq not to mention the United States’ plans to give Israel an added advantage in the Middle East. Indeed, the United States’ open stand that it wants to control the world has its consequence of continuous invasions into other countries to expand its empire. Many military think tanks believe that the United States did not take into account the large scale destruction of the assets located in Iraq by peppering some historic buildings with guided missiles and other explosive materials. Likewise, the cost of starting and maintaining a war needs lots of money. This causes the United States money to literally bleed. In addition, the Unites States gives out one of its famous lines that in order to maintain a living space, the maintenance of the controlling presence of the soldiers, politicians and ideologically biased individuals or groups. For, the United States Zionists believe that in order to maintain a peaceful environment to live in, the United States must literary have absolute supreme sovereignty and control. The purpose of this paper is to show that the United States’ decision to pierce the veil of privacy of Iraq by uninvitingly pushing the aircraft missiles’ button was because the United States felt that it had a right to control the oil fields of Iraq. Meaning, there was already a harmonious relationship between United States multinationals in the Petroleum industry and the oil companies in Iraq before the war. Thus, the United States and its few allies ventured into Iraq without thinking beforehand of the large amounts of cash outflows involved in a long protracted war between the United States and Iraq. Also, the attack of Iraq was fueled the ground zero event where many people died. The ground zero event in New York represents people who died when three commercial airplanes were hijacked and rammed into the White house and the twin towers were brought down to ground zero level (rubble).

Computers are an Essential Item to have in the Household Today :: Essays Papers

Computers are an Essential Item to have in the Household Today In the year 1977 computers went on sale for the national public. Today in the year 2004 computers with connection to the internet are an essential item to have in the household. Accountants and typists are no longer the only ones buying computers. Age does not matter. Everyone needs a computer in the household. Computers help all kinds of people. Meeting different people’s needs, therefore computers are a useful tool for all age groups. Children, teenagers, adults, and senior citizens all can use the same computer, but they all use the computer for a different purpose. Computers have always been useful, but not until recently have computers become useful for children who are twelve and under. Of course these children enjoy playing games and talking to there friends on the computer but due to new innovations coming out everyday children can now do a lot more then just play and socialize. Computers have brought school to the home. When children come home from school it used to mean school was over but today if you have access to the internet school is know longer over but just beginning on the internet. The internet has special educational sites that children can visit and learn from. Besides that children actually can have contact with there personal teacher from school. A new invention called the â€Å"Mobile Author can be used by human instructors either from a computer or a mobile phone to create their own Intelligent Tutoring Systems and to distribute them to their students. Students can also use any computer or mobile phone to have access to theory and tests.† (Source 2, Journal) Homework, notes, review assignments can now be given over the internet by the child’s teacher from there school. â€Å"Instructors can monitor their students; progress and communicate with their students during the course.† (Source 2, Journal) Children can learn new information on the internet and they are able to review and get extra help on things they don’t understand. If a child realizes that they do not understand something when they get home, they know longer have to wait to go in to school for extra help, but they now can communicate with there teacher online or they can go to an internet tutoring system which will give them just as much help as being in a regular classroom.

The Cabin in the Woods

The Cabin in the Woods 1. Joss Whedon says that ‘The Cabin in the Woods’ is â€Å"your basic horror movie taken apart; five kids go to a cabin in the woods to have a fun weekend of partying and possibly sex†¦ and are therefore dismembered†. Whedon and Goddard have in essence tried to create a movie with roots tied to the horror genre; it is simply your common slasher movie where the characters are killed off one by one till there is either one person left or none for that matter. The Cabin in the Woods’ also has ties to other genres such as comedy, this can be seen in scenes such as where they are all sitting around in the main room, playing truth or dare, and Jules is dared to kiss the wolfs head on the wall, also in the scene where Marty has a bong that can retract into a coffee mug. ‘The Cabin in the Woods' turns the horror genre on its  head. The film is a satire and pays  homage  to some of  the great scary movies from the past such as Sam Raimi's ‘Evil Dead' and also Dario Argento's ‘Suspira'.Another genre that is incorporated into the movie is sci-fi. We see this when Marty and Dana descend in the lift to where the scientists are, we then see various ‘nightmare’ characters with some being human and the majority being made up creatures, this is part of the sci-fi genre as it usually contains monsters and mythical creatures that are not found in real life and questions normality. 2.The narrative structure of ‘The Cabin in the Woods’ is linear. It starts with equilibrium where everything is going well, this is seen when all of the 5 are meeting up together getting prepared to start on their journey. This is then followed by disruption where the first character is killed off which would be Jules. The quest for restoration is found in the scene where Dana and Holden go into the lift and look to stop all of it.The equilibrium being restored can be seen for two sides, one being that it is restored as the operation is shut down, but the other side being that it isn’t restored as the whole world ends because of the ‘gods’ that are unleashed. 3. There are many different representations of gender in ‘The Cabin in the Woods’. Firstly, the two women, Jules and Dana, are defined as The Whore and The Virgin which is two opposite ends of the spectrum whose deaths are meant to serve as bookends for the others.The order of deaths is irrelevant except in the case of the women. Jules, as the corrupted whore, has to die first, and Dana, the Virgin, has to die last,  that’s if she dies at all. As Hadley says, â€Å"The virgin’s death is optional as long as it’s last. † The female characters are defined only by their sexuality; nothing else about them really matters. In certain scenes Laura Mulvey’s theory of the ‘male gaze’ is prevalent. When Dana is getting undressed in her room, Holden f inds out that he can see through a window into her room, but she can’t.We see the camera follow Dana up and down as she takes off her clothes, then the camera switches back round to Holden, who we see watching her but trying to look away at the same time. Still, the men don’t fare much better with their prescribed roles. They are given the roles of The Athlete, The Scholar, and The Fool. The Athlete is your typical American jock who has a naturally athletic and muscly body and loves sports. The scholar is represented as being a book worm whose only passion is education and reading books and the fool is represented as being basically dumb.

Maternal and Paternal Inheritances Essay

Our very existence in this world begins from both maternal and paternal inheritance. Both are very similar in characteristics; however the real difference is only in the gender. The definition of both communicates as; originates either from the mother or the father’s side, motherly or fatherly bonds, received or inherited from ones mother or father, every one of us also has someone in their lives who shows these characteristics but are of no relation. The majority of women have maternal instincts; which is passed down from mother to daughter. It originates from your mother’s side and will be continued to be passed down in generations to come however if a women was not to have children the can still pass on their maternal instincts on to their nieces and nephews, an adopted child, step children, and even their friends children. Maternal refers to the mother and child bonds, these bonds can form at any time in life. They can last for many years but can also be broken very quickly. Motherly is a description of maternal, which can mean caring, accepting, embracing, comforting and this is the tip of the iceberg of characteristics that could be mentioned. It’s not only traits that a mother can pass down it’s teachings like cooking and sewing. Paternal originates from you dads side of the family and can be passed down. Not even man will have children but he can still pass on his paternal instincts to the players on the team that they couch, their nephews, and their friend’s children. The instincts that they can pass on are different than the ones from a female figure. Paternal is also recognized as fatherly. Fatherly can be the knowledge on sports begin passed on and how to play them, and being there for the players. The bond of a father and child is simpler for the son because it can be through watching football every Sunday night, or playing catch in the backyard. On the other hand with the father and daughter bond it may be a bit more complicated because of the different interests between daughters and their fathers. There are many things that you can receive from paternal such as traits like hair color, eye color, body build. They can also pass on their knowledge, wisdom, and their drive to succeed. We all know someone who’s in our life by choice not by force. These people are the non-maternal and non-paternal friends that aren’t related to you in any way but still show and give the maternal and paternal characteristics. These are the people, which may be closer than actual family and that you may relay on the most during the good and bad situations in life. We deal everyday with maternal and paternal situations that have helped us become the person we are today. These may originate from the mother’s or the father’s side, including bonding with either mothers or fathers and we can receive or inherit traits from both sides of the family. There are also many non-family relationships that give us the same traits and characteristics.

DIFFERENCES IN THE SOCIETIES essays

DIFFERENCES IN THE SOCIETIES essays The New England and Chesapeake regions of the United States had evolved into two very distinct societies. However, the settlers all came from common English origins. There are several reasons for this clear difference. Beginning with the settlement of the regions, the differences became apparent. Geography and priorities separated the societies, as well as those that populated them. To begin with, the groups left England for very different reasons. New England was largely settled by Puritans. They planned to create in America a society on a hill. A beacon of shining light to England. By stretching their covenant with England, they wished to make an example in America of the way England should be. As John Winthrop, the first governor of Massachusetts, wrote; We must consider that we shall be as a city upon a hill. The eyes of all people are upon us, so that if we shall deal falsely with God in this work we have undertaken...we shall be made a story and a by-word throughout the world (Document A). The New England Puritans wished not to start a whole new society as much as to create a utopian society for England to convert into. The Chesapeake area was settled for a much different reason. The settlers in the southern region of America wished to separate from England and begin a new society. Many of the settlers came because they believed that there were riches to be found in the area; namely gold. As Captain John Smith wrote in the History of Virginia, ...among us were the gold seekers who with their golden promises made all men their slaves in hope of recompenses. There was no talk...but dig gold, wash gold, refine gold, load gold. (Document F). The settlers in the south wished to farm and raise animals as well. In other words, while the settlers in New England were religious leaders who wished to gain political and religious freedom, the Chesapeak...

Gay Marriage Rights essays

Gay Marriage Rights essays Gay rights have been an issue for many years. Although there is much progress being made on the discrimination of gays, one issue still remains: marriage. Society has become more accepting of same sex marriages, however they are still illegal in Canada. This report will discuss the laws in various countries which affect same sex marriages, as well as personal opinions, status of laws, cases, and the first gay marriage in Canada. In Canada, there are two laws prohibiting same sex couples from obtaining a marriage license. These are the Ontario Marriage Act and The Federal Marriage Act. The Federal Marriage Act specifically restricts marriage to one man and one woman. In other words, gays can still get married, just not to each other. The Charter of Rights and Freedoms states that a person cannot be discriminated against because of their gender. This is very contradictory considering our laws on marriage. In addition, the Supreme Court of Canada has ruled repeatedly that individuals in Canada cannot be discriminated against on the basis of their sexual orientation. Therefore, it is upheld that gays should not be discriminated against, but the laws do clearly discriminate by taking away certain rights that heterosexuals are entitled to. Another example of a possible law is Bill S-9. Bill S-9 is currently in its first reading. It states: Marriage has the meaning declared in 1866 decision of Hyde v. Hyde in the Courts of Probate and Divorce in the United Kingdom, and as understood in sections 91 and 92 of the Constitution Act, 1867, being a voluntary union of one man and one woman as husband and wife to the exclusion of all others. (CITE) Similarly in the United States, Bill Clinton signed Defense of Marriage Act (1996).This act states that marriage is a legal union of one man and one woman as husband and wife (CITE) So far it seems as If our laws pertaining to same sex marriages are still outdated, and are ...

15 Frequently Confused Pairs of Verbs

15 Frequently Confused Pairs of Verbs 15 Frequently Confused Pairs of Verbs 15 Frequently Confused Pairs of Verbs By Mark Nichol These similar-looking words below have dissimilar meanings. Make sure you’re using the write one in each pair. 1. Amused/bemused: To be amused is to be entertained; to be bemused is to be confused. 2. Appraise/apprise: To appraise is to evaluate; to apprise is to inform. 3. Ascribe/subscribe: To ascribe is to attach an idea to a source; to subscribe is to hold belief in an idea. 4. Attain/obtain: To attain is to reach; to obtain is to acquire. 5. Barter/haggle: To barter is to trade; to haggle is to negotiate. 6. Born/borne: To be born is to be brought forth; to be borne is to be carried along. 7. Borrow/loan: To borrow is to receive something for temporary use; to loan is to provide something on those terms. 8. Careen/career: To careen is to lean over to one side or to sway; to career is to hurry carelessly. (And to carom is to ricochet.) 9. Censor/censure: To censor is to ban; to censure is to reprimand. 10. Criticize/critique: To criticize is to judge harshly or in a negative manner; to critique is to evaluate. 11. Denigrate/deprecate: To denigrate is to defame or belittle; to deprecate is to disapprove or deemphasize (but can also, like denigrate, mean to disparage). 12. Differ/vary: To differ is to disagree or to be distinct from; to vary is to change (although differ can also refer to variation). 13. Espouse/expound: To espouse is to support; to expound means to state, explain, or defend (which is also distinct from the phrase â€Å"expand on,† which means to provide additional or digressive details). 14. Rebut/refute: To rebut is to argue in response to another argument; to refute is to deny an argument. 15. Wangle/wrangle: To wangle is to obtain by underhanded means; to wrangle is to wrestle. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:12 Signs and Symbols You Should KnowDriver License vs. Driver’s LicenseDrama vs. Melodrama

Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words - 2

Leadership - Essay Example luated from its capability to identify the core business objective of the organization and driving all the business aspects towards achieving such objectives. However, before evaluating the effectiveness of leadership, it is important to analyze the origin of leadership. According to Adeniyi & Adeniyi (2010), there is no definite conscience regarding the origin of leadership. It is considered to be a conceptual framework, prevailing in the societal environment that is involuntarily understood across the social and organizational cultures. As the origination of leadership is said to be unknown, in order to obtain an explicit idea about leadership and its foundation, individuals have to rely on the notions and viewpoint of the eminent researchers. Such secondary sources of information regarding the origin of leadership can be accessible from various standard and internationally recognized books and journals. Methodical study of such information will provide clarity regarding the evolution of social and organizational leadership. Considering the evolution of leadership, a large number of theories and practices have been developed over a period of time in order to establish the underpinning rationale of such concepts. Mumford (2006) has identified that in Sanskrit literature, the theories of ten types of leadership was mentioned. Characteristics of such different types leadership depends upon specific sets of dissimilar traits that distinguishes one leadership characteristics from another. King, Johnson & Vugt (2009) are of the opinion that the basis of such characteristics the researchers had developed trait theory of leadership which indicates that a successful leader can be identified by showing his interests, capabilities, and personality traits. In general, in order to become a successful manager, a person must possess certain traits such that the person must be high achievement oriented and should be self-confident so that he can motivate his team in order to

Marxism and the Financial Crisis in China Essay

Marxism and the Financial Crisis in China - Essay Example Although china is a communist nation, it can be said that there are no real communists in the country. The Chinese communist party consists of about 70 million members, yet there are a few or no devoted Marxists to be found in the country. According to Gross, "The elites in China are more interested in capitalism as it is believed to result in better outcomes. They believe that the evolvement of capitalism in a state-controlled economy, under the supervision of the Communist Party will have great results." (Gross, Daniel. 2009) The Chinese communist party was founded in 1921, in Shanghai. Even 10 years before the party was formed, there were student uprisings concerning communism. The party was founded by two Beijing University Professors; Chen Duxin and Li Dazhao. One of Li's students was Mao Zedong. These people believed in communism and Marxism-Leninism. There became two parties trying to rule the country; the Communist Party of China and the Nationalist government of China. In 19 23 the Communists and the Nationalists joined forces to beat the warlords. But the Nationalist turned on the Communists and when they got to Shanghai, and they decided to clear out the communists In China, the communist party has shown flexibility when implementing policies. It is important to note that Karl Marx and his philosophy is very much respected and referenced by the party members. His wisdom has always been appreciated and is never forgotten. But another important thing to note is that Mr. Marx's ideas are very old and do not fit in today's era of science and technology, because even though this ideology seems appropriate, it would put a restraint on professionalism. (Jochnowitz) The pure Marxist ideology is a political philosophy, economic and sociological worldview with a basis on the materialist interpretation of history, a social change theory, a Marxist analysis of capitalism, and an atheist view of the liberation of humans. The major primary aspects this ideology, as put forward by Friedrich Engels and Karl are The dialectical and materialist concept of history, an advocacy of proletarian revolution, and a critique of capitalism In today's competitively developing world, China cannot afford to stay backward by adopting a pure Marxist ideology. Therefore it must adopt policies and processes that promote monetary growth and development. It is true that there is a wide gap between the rich and the poor in the country. But this does not mean that adopting Marxism and such policies would help in development. The ultimate objective is, undoubtedly, the prosperity of the entire nation, but the belief is that national prosperity could only be achieved through capitalism. (Gross, Daniel. 2009) The pure Marxist ideology has been rejected through out the world. The main reason for this is that states which adopted this system tended to remain backward as the rest of the world developed and progressed. From Marx's and Engel's perspetive, "the ideal society was one in which the principle of the common ownership of wealth and advocates the values of community, cooperation, equality and the satisfaction of need." (Heywood 1998:328) Communism also encompasses wider ideologies based on Marxist principles, such as socialism In the early to mid 1980s, there was a only a hint of Communism left in the economic system

Research Defense Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Research Defense - Essay Example This self induced greed would also increase our emotional detachment from the world just as the threat of nuclear weapons had done. 2. What ideas and theories did the frames provide that were a basis for your own argument Why did you choose these particular sources Explain each of your frames in detail and explain why they were used. The Ronald Reagan quotes provided a foundation for the theory that excessive spending was a political tactic and was encouraged by the government. The Federation for American Scientists (2007) were the basis for the contention that the Cold War was being pursued with the same sense of avarice and spending that was being taken in the private lives of Americans. Capra tied in the influence that technology has had on our spending habits that resulted in enormous personal desires for technology as well as the scientists' spending on advanced weapons systems. Kotkin (2003) and Reuveny & Prakash (1999) advanced the theory that the Cold War's advancement of Capitalism was affecting the Soviet's standard of living by negatively impacting their own spending patterns. They were spending more and enduring the hardships that came with it. The government exploited these small successes in the Cold War through more government excess and increased technology. 3. What frames provided counterpoints and varying perspectives for your paper Why did you choose those Again, explain in detail. The article titled "Generation X" (2007), which appeared in the Tallahassee Democrat on November 7, 1993, and was reprinted in the Atlanta Constitution, Charlotte Observer, Houston Chronicle, and Miami Herald, contends that the Gen-Xers were opposed to the massive debt left behind by the Cold War years. This generation grew up during, or was born, in the Reagan era. However, even though they were complaining, they were caught in the same trap of excessive greed that their elders had been. Though many would criticize the capitalistic approach and deficit spending, the criticism was often shallow and unfounded. 4. What did you argue in your paper Why did you argue that How did you use your sources to develop and support that argument The paper argued the technology and the threat of nuclear war had isolated the American public both emotionally and physically. In this isolation, self-gratification was allowed to flourish, and may have been the only satisfaction available. The fruits of capitalism could be explored to a great degree and there would be no personal responsibility taken for its outcome. It allowed for no outside moral guidance and values were quickly discarded. The surface rewards of economics were the only satisfaction available in the world of emotional isolation. They only furthered a sense of inadequacy that was brought on by what we could not have, not by what we had. This was evidenced by the envy of the Soviets for Western material goods. 5. If you had to pick one flaw in your work with the research paper, what is it and why did it occur One flaw in the paper is the failure to adequately pursue the aspect of the emotional isolation and its effect on over-consumption through the research of academic psychologists. This isolation that was driven by fear and enabled by

Unruly Spider Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Unruly Spider - Case Study Example The major problems lay in the fact that the subcontracted company worked with inadequate drawings and inadequate tools. There was not a clear order from the engineer and this should have been communicated more effectively. The 1 1/8-inch-diameter holes had a rough finish on the bore. The magnaflux mark was not clearly legible. The inspection department rejected it. Extra money must now be spent by Mr. Speed to get the right tools and additional labor to finish the job right. If he does not raise the price on each unit he could lose money. A. The gears that were rough cannot be repaired but they could possibly be recycled and the money received from that could go to furnishing new equipment to make the grinding operation more efficient. B. Mr. Speed could raise his price to compensate for his expenditures of over $25,000 in repairing the tooling and redo with order with finished bores. C. The old gears can be recycled to decrease the extra costs and Mr. Speed should raise his prices to compensate for the difference. D. The advantages of recycling the gears are that it will offset some of the cost and the disadvantage of this would be that the costs will not meet the total expenditures. Mr. Speed raising his price per unit could result in extinguishing his output and making him a profit. The disadvantage of this would be that the price per unit may not be economical for the customer. The best choice would be for Mr. Speed to raise his price per unit and receive his profit on the back end. The process of salvaging the rough bores is not economical because it would require the operation of expensive chrome plating. It is best to raise the price and get the necessary equipment needed to complete all future jobs efficiently.

Create your Indiana Geology Discussion Assignment

Create your Indiana Geology Discussion - Assignment Example To be sure, there is the occasional oil spout that just happens, but usually the discovery of oil is the result of painstaking labor on the part of geologists to determine not only where oil lies, but rather or not it exists in a given place in large enough quantities to warrant massive digging and the land destructions that occurs as a result. Most of the oil in Indiana is located in the Southwestern part of the state, and into parts of Illinois and Kentucky. These oil reserves are embedded in sandstone reservoirs that average between 1,000 to 3,000 feet deep. That is some serious digging to be sure. Before digging of that scale can commence, geologists needed to be sure that it would be worth the expense and effort. This is why there was really about 50 years between the discovery of crude oil and the time that Indiana companies began to dig in 1938-1940 (Indiana Government, par. 4). The discovery in Indiana amounted to a total of 900 individual reservoirs located in approximately 500 different fields throughout southwestern Indiana. As mentioned, oil drilling began on a grand scale in 1938 and then began to expand rapidly after that into the Griffin Pool along the Wabash River. These geological features are found in Gibson County. Indiana is ranked 23rd in the United States in terms of crude oil production. While not earth shattering, this amounts to a respectable 1.73 million barrels a year. To protect the geological landscape of the state, and to ensure that environmental safety standards are met and exceeded, Indiana created the Division of Oil and Gas in 1947. They are responsible for making sure laws are followed and they regulate any future oil exploration. The division does employ three petroleum geologists, so the public can rest assured that these people have the states best interests at heart. The chart below, represented by the Indiana Government, is a representation of the oil

Unruly Spider Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Unruly Spider - Case Study Example The major problems lay in the fact that the subcontracted company worked with inadequate drawings and inadequate tools. There was not a clear order from the engineer and this should have been communicated more effectively. The 1 1/8-inch-diameter holes had a rough finish on the bore. The magnaflux mark was not clearly legible. The inspection department rejected it. Extra money must now be spent by Mr. Speed to get the right tools and additional labor to finish the job right. If he does not raise the price on each unit he could lose money. A. The gears that were rough cannot be repaired but they could possibly be recycled and the money received from that could go to furnishing new equipment to make the grinding operation more efficient. B. Mr. Speed could raise his price to compensate for his expenditures of over $25,000 in repairing the tooling and redo with order with finished bores. C. The old gears can be recycled to decrease the extra costs and Mr. Speed should raise his prices to compensate for the difference. D. The advantages of recycling the gears are that it will offset some of the cost and the disadvantage of this would be that the costs will not meet the total expenditures. Mr. Speed raising his price per unit could result in extinguishing his output and making him a profit. The disadvantage of this would be that the price per unit may not be economical for the customer. The best choice would be for Mr. Speed to raise his price per unit and receive his profit on the back end. The process of salvaging the rough bores is not economical because it would require the operation of expensive chrome plating. It is best to raise the price and get the necessary equipment needed to complete all future jobs efficiently.

Financial analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Financial analysis - Essay Example Its Critical success factors are looked upon along with the strategies that it has followed over the years to maintain its Market Share in such a competitive industry. Background â€Å"Airbus SAS is an aircraft manufacturing subsidiary of EADS, a European aerospace company. Based in Toulouse, France, and with significant activity across Europe, the company produces around half of the world's jet airliners. Some figures about Airbus are that is it’s a global company having 9 engineering design centers, 15 manufacturing sites, 20 languages, 24 hour customer support (365 days a year), 50 flight simulators, 88 nationalities and more than 5,300 aircraft delivered† (Linkedin, Airbus). American airline manufactures were the first ones to produce aircrafts in bulk quantity hence a competitor was required in Europe. As a response, three of the major European countries; France, United Kingdom and Germany joined together and built up the Airbus Industry. This was a government init iative of the above three countries to built up an organization that can give a proper competition to the American Airline Manufacturers such as Boeing, Lockheed, etc. Airbus came up with A300 as their first product; it was later modified to increase passenger capacity to more than 300 passengers and was known as A380. It was clearly evident that it was collaboration of three countries working together. Airbus’s engines were to be manufactured by Rolls Royce. Initially the company had to bear high development costs as their engines were produced by Rolls Royce. The engine designed by Rolls Royce was also facing major difficulties and delays. Gradually, the company has increased its competition by creating modern aircrafts which are dominating the market (Davies, 2001; Airbus - Gathering Clouds, 2008). The Airbus jetliner products line consists of 14 different aircraft models. All these models are diversified with respect to size, specification and capacity (Airbus.com). Revie w of Management Accounting According to CIMA, Management accounting â€Å"is the practical science of value creation within organizations in both the private and public sectors. It combines accounting, finance and management with the leading edge techniques needed to drive successful businesses. Management accountants operate in financial and non-financial roles throughout organizations and carry out all their training and experience requirements within business itself, providing them with a unique insight into how their organizations operate.† (CIMA Official Website) Management accounting, hence, plays a vital role in the success of any organization. It helps in giving an insight to the managers about the problem areas, risk factors and performance determinants which can be controlled by managerial decisions and processes. Critical Success Factor - Airbus Critical Success Factors in an airline manufacturing industry are the passenger capacity that the company has to offer, i ts performance, the organization’s reputation, etc. Airbus has been a leader in civil aircraft manufacturing for a decade or so in Europe and globally too it is recognized as a market leader along with Boeing, Lockheed, etc. All this is because Airbus has been very good when it comes to

Early Childhood Influences Your Outcome in Life Essay Example for Free

Early Childhood Influences Your Outcome in Life Essay In the early years of your childhood, is the time when you learn most of your traits that will make you who you are for the rest of your life. Whether your parents held you enough when you are a child can determine if you are successful in life, or if you drop out of high school and start beating your wife and kids. If you teach your kids when they are little to tie their shoes or to spell their name than they are more likely to like school, your culture can determine whether they do well in school or if they don’t understand from the beginning. Some researchers say that if you have a good parent that loves you, spends time with you, or well if they really just help you out while you are a child your child has a better chance at doing well at school because they aren’t starting so far behind. If you have a low economic standing than child usually just fall back into the gangs, or drugs because they don’t have the support to stop and get out. Your outcome in life almost always stems from how you are treated as a child. When you start school you are thrown into a mix of people, some can read already and write while others don’t even know their name. If you start kindergarten and you are already so far behind than it’s hard to catch back up. If the child wasn’t shown their numbers before because their parents didn’t help them very much while they were growing up. If as a parent you isolate your children by not educating them or leaving them by themselves while doing homework than they’re going to have a hard time trying to figure out what to do, and they know that their parents aren’t there to check in on the homework. Michael Thompson, Ph.D. A parent may be working out of the home, or need to be working in the home and cooking dinner. So if you are home, stay close, and if you are not there, have another adult check to make sure its going OK. And remember that all homework is not equal, so not everything will need your rapt attention. Research says that you need to have some interaction while the child is doing their homework. Whenever you send the children away to school yes they are away but you need to help and stay informed because it isn’t always the students fault that they are getting in trouble maybe they just don’t understand something or the teacher isn’t explaining it the way they need to learn it. As a parent you need to help your children out because it will affect their outcome in life, because if every time they try and ask a question and the teacher yells at them obviously they aren’t going to ask; but if as a parent they stay informed with the teacher than the parent can help on the home end too. Socioeconomic standing is very important to how a child will develop. In low socioeconomic areas there is very poor education, low parental control, and a high gang/violence rate. If you are brought up with only knowing the life of the streets you have a higher percentage of staying there. This is because you are â€Å"born into it†, if you have the ability to go to a high achieving school get good grades and have peers that do the same then obviously you are going to do better. For an example I inserted the graph above if you are born into a higher-class family you are more than likely going to stay there, but if you are born into a lower class family you are more likely to stay there (graph found on You’re Born Into It America sited in the bibliography). There is the example of gang violence, which is an element that thrives in the lower class; it gives power, brotherhood, family and money. Gangs are a large part of what hold some of the brightest people back. In California alone males ranging from 7th-12th grade 50.9% of males were associated with gangs; that was in 2010. Living in a socioeconomically depressed neighborhood makes it hard enough to get out and make it on your own but the fact that there are gangs influencing these minors left and right make it even harder. A great example of someone growing out of a socioeconomically depressed neighborhood is Julian Castro who was the first Latino keynote speaker at the Democratic National Convention. Castro was raised in San Antonio by a single mother who worked her hardest to proved all she could for her two sons. Julian and his brother Joaquà ­n both worked very hard to get out of their depressed area so that they could provide for their mother. They both graduated from high school and were accepted to Stanford, then to Harvard. These to Hispanics made the choice to be hard working and expand their view on living, they knew there was more to life than not having anything. One of the main reasons they were able to do so well is that their mother and grandmother helped them as much as they could. Julian became the first keynote speaker to be a Latino because he wanted to beat the odds; he did not want to end up like the people he saw around him. Another great story is President Barak Obama’s he was born in Hawaii, his father and mother both left him to be brought up by his grandparents. They did not have very much money and Barry had to find his own way to pay for college since no one set that up for him. Obama had a very hard life growing up, working multiple jobs, keeping his grades up, studying for tests and trying to get scholarships so he could go to college. He did it though, and now he is the most important man in the United States and possibly the world. He worked his way out of the life he had as a child and did not want that life for his future children. In president Obama’s speech after the 2012 election he said â€Å"†¦you, the American people, reminded us that while our road has been hard, while our journey has been long, we have picked ourselves up, we have fought our way back, and we know in our hearts that for the united states of America, the best is yet to come.† He was speaking of each persons individual journey in this country, you have the choice to grow up and try and your hardest to make a better life for yourself even if your parents are not there all the time. The U.S.’s census bureau reported that around 30% of families in America are being headed by a single parent. These houses may be dysfunctional and â€Å"doomed to failure† (usg.org) but many people that have grown up in a single parent home have had just as much attention as someone that has two parents. In America, 22 million children have a one-parent household, a mother runs 83% of those houses and half of those mothers do not receive any type of child support to help out. Not receiving child support have put 70% of single parent moms in poverty making on average $13,00 annually. Currently there are over 9.8 million mothers as a single parent. Living in that type of poverty is hard to do but plenty of people are able to do it and grow up and become an amazing person with a great future. The people who say that because they live in poverty they are always going to be poor are going to stay there because it takes hard work and dedication to grow out of the socioeconom ically depressed neighborhood you grew up in. In 2000 the National Assessment of Educational Progress found that 90% of 4th grade parents participated in parent-teacher conferences among the 8th grade that number dropped to about 57%. Parents believe that once you are in middle school you can do your homework by yourself because the parents are not helpful since they do not remember it themselves. In elementary school parents are totally involved since everyone is still a â€Å"child† but you do not grow out of adolescence till you are 18 because you are not a legal adult so parents should be helping their children out till they are a senior in high school because that is why you have parents. Many schools do not even reach out to a parent if their child is failing or being suspended, because well they are an adult now. It is said that most children who have a strong parental backing through high school will do better in college. The students who have a parent helping them choose the road they follow 97% of the time make better choices when it comes to drugs, sex and partying in college. In Isanti County only 69% of parents attend conferences while the percent for lower grades is higher. Researchers say its because in elementary schools teachers have on average 20-30 children total while middle and high school teachers have over 120 students so its a lot harder to keep in touch with parents. That is why parents need to stay involved with their child’s education. Your childhood has influences on your outcome in life of course but you can change the out come of your life and make it what ever you want it to be. Being born into poverty does not mean you have to stay there the rest of your life. Parental involvement and personal goals are how you change your outcome. Obama and the Castro twins are perfect depictions of how goals that are met can make you what ever you would like to become. References Barack Obama Biography Facts, Birthday, Life Story Biography.com . (n.d.). Famous Biographies TV Shows Biography.com. Retrieved November 11, 2012, from http://www.biography.com/people/barack-obama-12782369?page=3 Julian Castro Biography Facts, Birthday, Life Story Biography.com. (n.d.). Famous Biographies TV Shows Biography.com. Retrieved November 12, 2012, from http://www.biography.com/people/julian-castro-20967527 2011 National Gang Threat Assessment à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Emerging Trends. (n.d.). FBI. Retrieved November 11, 2012, from http://www.fbi.gov/stats-services/publications/2011-national-gang-threat-assessment 774,000 gang members and 27,900 gangs active in the US: Crime News à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬  Crime in America.Net. (n.d.). Crime in America.Net: Crime, Violent Crime, Criminals, Crime News, Statistics and Research. Retrieved November 11, 2012, from http://crimeinamerica.net/2010/04/01/774000-gang-members-and-27900-gangs-active-in-the-us-crime-news/ Adolescence: Are Parents Relevant to Students High School Achievement and Post-Secondary Attainment? / Browse Our Publications / Publications Resources / HFRP Harvard Family Research Project. (n.d.). HFRP Home / HFRP Harvard Family Research Project. Retrieved November 11, 2012, from http://www.hfrp.org/publications-resources/browse-our-publications/adolescence-are-parents-relevant-to-students-high-school-achievement-and-post-secondary-attainment El ementary, r. U. (n.d.). Reports of Gang Membership, by Gender and Grade Level: 2008-2010 Kidsdata.org . Kidsdata: Data and Resources about the Health of Children . Retrieved November 12, 2012, from http://www.kidsdata.org/data/topic/table/gang-gender.aspx?f=1loc=2,127,347,1763,331,348,336,171,321,345,357,332,324,369,358,362,360,337,327,364,356,217,353,328,354,323,352,320,339,334,365,343,330,367,344,355,366,368,265,349,361,4,273,59,370,326,333,322,3 Helping With Homework. (n.d.). PBS. Retrieved November 12, 2012, from http://www.pbs.org/parents/goingtoschool/helping_homework.html Living With One Parent Vertical Thought | United Church of God. (n.d.). United Church of God. Retrieved November 12, 2012, from http://www.ucg.org/marriage-and-family/living-one-parent/ President ObamaÃÆ' ¢Ãƒâ€šÃ¢â€š ¬Ãƒâ€šÃ¢â€ž ¢s Election Night Speech Video Feature NYTimes.com. (n.d.). The New York Times Breaking News, World News Multimedia. Retrieved November 11, 2012, from http://www.nytimes.com /interactive/2012/11/06/us/politics/06-obama-election-night-speech.html Sias, E. (n.d.). Concerns discussed with low parent-teacher conference attendance in Braham | The Isanti County News. The Isanti County News. Retrieved November 8, 2012, from http://isanticountynews.com/2012/11/20/concerns-discussed-with-low-parent-tea

Glaxosmithkline Business Strategy

Glaxosmithkline Business Strategy However, further in this study we will get to know the core elements of GSK, its key drivers of change, factors for it success, main business strategies and the extent at which it has been able to align these with its resources and capabilities. 2. KEY DRIVERS FOR CHANGE AND CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS 2.1 core elements Over the years the pharmaceutical industry has played an important role alongside other economy sectors  [1]  in contributing to the UK economy. As the economy gets older the more grounded the industry becomes, by acquiring strategies of merging and acquisition to expand and form the main companies/competitors of the industry like Pfizer, GSK, Sanofi-Aventis, Novartis, Roche etc. The pharmaceutical industry is the leading sector in the UK, investing about  £10 million daily on R D  [2]  (Euromonitor 2004),employing around 73,000 people and by being consistent in the top three(leading in 2007) ranking of trade surplus(ABPI 2007). Furthermore, laying more emphasis on one of the main companies in the sector (GSK) who own 9.0% of the sectors market share after the largest share holder of the sector (Pfizer 9.3%)(ABPI 2007). In getting to know its level and intensity of market competition, the Porters five forces will be used in for the analysis. This frame work was designed by Prof. Michael E. Porter of Harvard business school to determine the degree of competition within an industry (D. Campbell 2005). These five forces are bargaining power of suppliers, bargaining power of buyers, threat of new entrance, threat of substitute products and competitive rivalry. For the purpose of this report we will be looking solely at competitive rivalry but considering the fact that the other four forces determine its strength. This is where industries in the sector seek to maintain and gain more market share either by differentiation, innovation etc.(D. Campbell 2005).GSK acquired Stiefel for  £2.5 billion few months ago, Merck took over Schering Plough for a total of  £29.8 billion and, Pfizer s merger with Wyeth (guardian 2009), these activities shows that the giants of the sector are striving to maintain and if possible acquire more market share by acquiring smaller companies . 2.2 key drivers of change These are some external factors that affect GSK either positively or negatively and to an extent helped to her current position. This will be analysed with the used of PEST analysis frame work which are analysed below: Political concerning the regulation of medicines licensing, the government has had a good agreement with the industry (PICTF 2001) which will improve competitiveness within the European Union (EU). According to (PPRS 2009) the NHS must have access to medicines of reasonable price, quality brands in order to promote competition in the sector. The tax regulation has been a problem for the industry as it affects her UK based companies due to the proposal of increase in tax rate and taxing foreign profits (Buchanan, Barbara 2008) which has caused migration of companies like Shire pharmaceutical. Economic the hit of recession on the UK economy has resulted to increase in inflation rate which affected the pharmaceutical sector but not as much as other sectors (BBC 2009). With the fact that there is a shake in inflation rate, increase tax rate, wage drops. The average familys disposable income drop by more than  £150 a year (times online 2009) which has affected the spending power of the population. Socio -cultural- over the years there has been a change in peoples lifestyle whereby they go for fitness and health clubs at the expense of taking fitness and health medication. There has been an increase of 23% in membership between 2004 and 2008 and recently there has been 10% increase in the number of adult members despite the slowdown in the economic (Mintel 2009). However it has been discussed that there has been an increase in OTC drugs due to the fact that peoples now practice self medication because of minor illness (Bainbridge, Jane 2008) which has made the sector rise by 23% since 2003. The ageing population might be an opportunity for the sector since they are tends to have diseases like rheumatism and insomnia. Technological- over the years the use of technology has yielded nothing but positive effect on industry. The UK government supports GSK, Welcome Trust, and EEDA to develop a biotechnology science park in the UK in order to strengthen the industrys bioscience to compete against those in other countries (PBR 2009). Technology has helped to generate blockbuster drugs in the past and the membrane technology used in biopharmaceutical discovery, development and commercial production worth of $740 million in 2004 has increased to $1.23 billion in 2009 (BBC research 2004) which is as a result of its increase in research and technology. However havent analysed the external factors affecting the pharmaceutical sector, it is obvious that although some factors have affected the company negatively but she still maintained her market share and position in the economy because people keep spending on medication no matter the difficulties because wellbeing is essential. 2.3 Critical success factors This simply point at the products features that are valued by a group of customers and therefore, where the organisation must excel to outputerform competition (Johnson 2005) which can be said to identification of customers needs and things exceptionally done for this purpose which gives them competitive advantage. For a clearer knowledge, strategic groups in UK pharmaceutical will be briefly analysed. Strategic group- companies vary in different ways which make some operate similarly that differentiate some from others. In the UK pharmaceutical industry there are two main groups Generic and Proprietary group. The proprietary group adopts strategy of high price charges, patent drugs because of high RD spending and stress which makes the prone to high risk (high failure rate in drug development) and returns. The generic group focus on low price, low RD spending and imitate drugs made by companies in proprietary after expiry of patent. (Hill Jones 2007) .GSK spend  £300.000 on RD every hour and spends over $500million to develop a new drug that takes up to 12 years (Mintel, 2007), which obviously tells its membership of proprietary group. However havent identified GSKs strategic group in UK, its main rivals are the companies that belong to the same group and perform similar activities like Pfizer, Merck..who stand as threats to its profit because consumers see them as substitute for each other whereas patent can cause low substitute. Due to this it is hard for companies in generic group to break into this group because of high RD spending and skills. Gaining the idea of GSKS business model, the critical things it does for it survival and to meet the needs of its customers and attract more will be mentioned bellow. Advertisement and Marketing in 2001 GSK handed a  £53 million account to Mediacom to buy activities for its British customers (Marketing 2001) and support its media plan and also spent  £1million to support its sensodyne brand Television campaign(Chemist and Drug 2002). It also market 30 vaccines all over the world (Datamonitor 2009) Merger and Acquisition the formation of GSK in 1998 resulted to increase in sales the following year, huge number of staffs, increase RD capacity and have more products to meet customers needs (Smithklines four promising drugs in final stage of production and Glaxo Wellcomes blockbuster drug Zantac) (Lazo 2001) RD and Innovation it is important for pharmaceutical company to come up with faster ways of cure for diseases and always find a solution to new diseases. Due to this fact and business model GSK spend  £300,000 on RD every hour (cio100 2009) in order to keep up with the trend of continues discovery which leads to several innovations. According to (Datamonitor 2009) GSK has 40 major products and as RD continues, more innovations are to come. 3. KEY BUSINESS STRATEGY 3.1 mini introductions (past 5 years) Over the past five years GSK has engaged in adopting different strategies for the success of its business and meet customer needs (Emerald 2009) and the Porters generic strategy will be used to identify these strategies. 3.2 porters generic strategy Michael Porters gave his view of business strategy as the different ways that companies take to achieve competitive advantage in the industry (Drypen 2009) which he classified as Cost leadership, Differentiation and Focus. He explained cost leadership as a strategy of low cost business operation to have an edge over rivals in the industry and differentiation as a strategy of producing unique products valued by customers and might attract high price charges. He lastly describe focus as a strategy that targets a particular group or class of people whereby focusing for either reason of cost (cost focus) or differentiation (differentiation focus) which is usually low in volume. Taking note of the proprietary group and its characteristics, it is argued that GSK operate using the differentiation strategy which is be highlighted below. Non- stop RD strategy- GSK has always engaged in huge spending on RD as to develop its own drug and patent it as a member of proprietary and recently has led immediate rival Pfizer on a hidden RD partnership journey (Invivo 2009). Although their partnership was known to the public for sales of HIV drugs but here lies the secrete behind it. Sales marketing strategy- with the help of Vodaphone , GSK was able to market its Flixonase spray to cure hay fever to its customers through mobile text messages and its sales team (mobile marketing 2006) which makes it marketing standout from others. Outsourcing strategy- GSK and Galapagos Biotech formed an innovation alliance for the purpose of novel medicine osteoarthritis (A. Hoekema 2007) which GSK did with main intent of outsourcing for innovation because of expiry of patent. Expansion strategy- GSK formed a partnership with Dr. Reddys a generic drug maker in India and also bought 16% of Aspens stake, a generic drug maker in South Africa (mintel 2009). Its main objective was to have access to emerging market and generic drugs, sell many of it drugs (reduced rate) in Africa, Asia and Latin America. However it has been argued that GSK operates under differentiation strategy but we can see that as a result of patent expiry which led to direct completion with generic drugs, it changed strategies to do business with generic drug makers and use these avenue to penetrate emerging markets too boost it sales. 4. RESOURCES AND CAPABILITIES 4.1 introductions (past ten years) Over the past ten years GSK had developed some strategies as shown earlier in the report, we will be looking at its resources, capability and how it has been able to make these work together to actualise the strategies above to gain competitive advantage. These resources and capabilities can be threshold which is the necessary ones needed for it to function and compete in market while unique resources and core capabilities are those different, distinctive, to imitate ones that make companies gain competitive advantage over others in the industry (G. Johnson et.al 2005) 4.2 Companys resources and capabilities GSKs threshold, unique and core resources and capabilities will be reviewed below. Threshold resources Strong RD of new medicines- over half of GSks total sales come from blockbuster drugs which has made them rely on nine out of the drugs over the year (A. Townsend 2004). This has made them to make effort of developing more drugs as patent of the former expires. Skilled and talented staffs- as at 2008, GSK UK employed 99,003 staffs which includes scientists, pharmacist, IT  [3]  , sales (Datamonitor 2009) Large number of employee Gsk employs 99,003 people in 2008 (Datamonitor 2009) Employee motivation- GSK motivates their staffs with making salaries and bonuses competitive and reward for their performance. Supplier, buyers and stakeholders- GSK is a leading supplier of drugs and vaccine to NHS, fund academic research. Merging to gain more brand awareness- GSK is currently partnering with Pfizer to make a mega sell of HIV drugs. Capital for RD- it has been known that GSK spend over $500 million to develop a new medicine and takes 12 years or more (Mintel 2007) Unique resources Good reputation- GSK happens to fall amongst the first five of the worlds most admired pharmaceutical companies. (Mintel 2009) Threshold capabilities Ability to reduce cost- GSK has been slashing prices since 2001 after the merger and moving of some of his financial jobs to low cost countries like China and Poland. They have been able to cut cost by increasing money paid on its high selling drugs in order to reduce cost on it drugs faced with generic competition (Guardian 2005) Partnering Partnership with other biopharmaceutical companies to develop drugs to fight ailments e. g it partnership with Nabi for monoclonal antibodies to stop smoking (Silico research 2009) Core capabilities The great merger- the merger between Glaxo Wellcome and Smithkline Beecham which made it acquire block drugs, second largest consumer goods manufacturer in tooth paste and energy drinks (Lazo 2001) Dynamic capabilities The earlier stage of mergers where companies of the same view came together , which was known as the great merger that led to consolidation in pharmaceutical industry and formation of gsk. Later there was acquisition of smaller firms like the biopharma, science and biotechnology firms. Gsk acquired lot of these companies around this time. The last stage can be described with what is happening now in the industry where companies outsource, restructure and expand. Gsk has engaged in series of outsourcing and expanding activities. Like merging with Galapakos biopharmaceutical in order to outsource and avenue to enter emerging market (A. Hoekema 2007) 4.3 extent of alignment into business strategy SWOT ANALYSIS According to (G. Johnson et.al. 2005) swot help to give a forecast on how the key environmental issues and capabilities of a company will affect its strategic development. And (R. Lynch 2009 p:302) sees it as analysis of strengths and weaknesses present internally and opportunities and threats facing organization externally. STRENGHTS: Strong sales and marketing Robust sales forecast to lunch portfolio Strong brand name Demonstrated ability to control cost Highly innovative RD Advanced technology Profitability Expansion Strong rebranding image Financial ability WEAKNESSES: Restructuring required Failure of pipeline to deliver initial commercial expectation Over dependent on leading products Lack of block buster drug launches after the great merger OPPORTUNITY: Emerging new markets for pharmaceutical companies in developing countries Pipelines to deliver strong growth for next few years High growth oncology market Continued cost reduction Smaller biotech and biopharms THREAT: Increasing cost of RD Generic competition with high selling products Policy/regulation 5. CONCLUSION

The Love Story Interpretations of Robert Frosts Poem, Wind And Window

The Love Story Interpretations of Robert Frost's Poem, Wind And Window Flower When reading Robert Frost Poem, Wind And Window Flower, I could not help but think that love and heartache were involved. I came up with two interpretations for Wind And Window Flower. In both interpretations, the Wind and the Window Flower signify a man and a woman. My first interpretation is as follows: Lovers, forget your love for an instance, and listen to the love of these two people. The characters in the poem are a Winter Breeze and A Window Flower. The man is the Winter Breeze. This man is a man who comes and goes, you never know exactly when he is coming or when he is going. He has a cold presence to him. The woman is the Window Flower. This woman is a mature, pretty, and warm woman. She is in full bloom, meaning she has experienced love, and is now ready for romance. The Window Flower falls in love with the Winter Breeze. The Winter Breeze would continuously walk in and back out of the Window Flowers life. The Window Flower found that each time this occurred, she was le...

Tom brennan

Miss Long The Story of Tom Brenna Topic: You cannot alter the past. Only when Individuals move on can they achieve happiness. Discuss this in relation to your understanding of The Story of Tom Brenna. The Story of Tom Brenna by J. C Burke is an honest novel, which follows a young man's struggle to accept his past in order to move on. The car crash changed all the characters' lives but taught them to become stronger and resilient people. This sometimes meant that they had to learn to forgive others and accept their past to move towards happiness.They were forced to confront their pasts in order to eve on to their futures. Tom's life is changed drastically when the car crashes. He has dug too deep into what he refers to as the ‘black hole' and he loses the will to live: â€Å"Trying to shut down the bad thoughts that always surfaced and suffocated any hope I had of getting my life back. † (pig. 1 5). He tries to get better by starting running as a way of releasing his stre ss and worry. Someone who was essential for Tom to move on was Daniel his brother: â€Å"Do you hate me, Tommy? †¦. ‘Daniel. ‘ I swallowed. ‘You're my brother. (pig. 141) Although Daniel has done such a horrible thing Tom is not willing to give up on his brother. Another character that helps Tom conquer his past is his uncle Brendan. Brendan really gets Tom to open up and see the world from another point of view; this causes Tom to start talking: â€Å"You were hardly ‘Mr.. Have-a-chat' when you arrived. Now I can't shut you up. † (pig 98) He moved on from his past and found happiness in himself and his life again.He finds himself through his girlfriend Christy because when he's with her all he is, is himself: â€Å"When I was with Christy I was me again. Simple Tom Brenna – no ties, no debt, no guilt, no bad thoughts. Just me, the way I had always known myself. † (pig. 261 Although the road to peppiness was hard for Tom, his desire to help those around him saved him and his family: â€Å"But now I knew what I missed the most. I missed me, Tom Brenna, and that's why now I could smile, cause I could see he was coming back. † (pig. 61 ) After the crash it seems like Tees herself fades and becomes little more than a shell. She becomes depressed and barley leaves her room. Her actions affect the whole family but mainly Tom and Kylie. Tom feels neglected and Kylie shuts down without the support of her mother. Once Tees realizes how much her children need her she tries to improve for them: â€Å"I'm sorry, Tommy†¦ ‘m trying, I really am. I promise it'll get better. â€Å"(pig. 216). This is an important part of her recovery and influences her children to improve to.Another important part of Test's recovery is seeing Daniel and learning to accept the crash and his part in It: â€Å"Don't†¦ Don't say that about him. † (pig. 85). This proves that while she may dislike the fact that It wa s Daniels fault she still loves him and will always stand up for him. After Tees had recovered Tom forgets about what she was Like before and the family begins to move forward again: â€Å"It's kind of hard to remember what she was like then† (pig. 265). We see now that it is not is able to move on after she learns to forgive her son Daniel and herself, this is when she can achieve happiness.Daniel is responsible for the deaths of two people and paralyzing his cousin, this would be grueling, for anyone to come to terms with and Daniel struggles with it: â€Å"l f****d up everything. Everything. † (pig. 140). He is fuming and cannot deal with the guilt; He does not believe he deserves to live. During his time in prison he takes part in a peer support program which helps him begin to accept his past in order to move on: â€Å"And that was what Daniel needed the most – a kicked out of the past. â€Å"(pig. 143).Daniel is assigned a mentor who acts as a councilor and he begins to accept that he messed up and needs to move forward from it: â€Å"l did, Tom, and that's what I'm trying to get a handle on. â€Å"(pig. 214). Though Daniel struggles to accept the past and move on he tries his best to. Once he accomplishes this he is able to move on to a happy future much like another character achieves her happiness. Kylie cannot accept the fact that her family was associated horrific event so she shut the whole world out, acting like nothing is wrong and she has moved on hen she clearly had not : â€Å"She'd become tough.It was like I hardly knew her anymore† (pig. 29). Proving that Kylie had been ignoring everybody, although she tried her hardest to ignore the accident and move on from it she couldn't accept it within herself: â€Å"She's angry. This is her way of getting it out. I guess its better that way. † (pig. 176) explaining that she was trying to accept it, but she kept shutting people out it became impossible for her to truly accept it. Until finally it became too much for her and broke down : â€Å"l don't want to be Kylie Brenna. Kylie anyone, but not Kylie Brenna. † (pig. 29) Tom really helps Kylie get back on track â€Å"It's slow, but I can see ahead now, if you know what I mean† (pig. 228) these show how strong there relationship is and that sometimes you have to rely on others to help you so that you can forgive yourself. In the Story of Tom Brenna it tells a confronting tale about a family who has been greatly affected by a tragic car crash. It tells how each character recovered and learns to move on, through forgiveness, forgetting or acceptance. The characters must move on in order to gain happiness in their lives once more. Tom brennan Miss Long The Story of Tom Brenna Topic: You cannot alter the past. Only when Individuals move on can they achieve happiness. Discuss this in relation to your understanding of The Story of Tom Brenna. The Story of Tom Brenna by J. C Burke is an honest novel, which follows a young man's struggle to accept his past in order to move on. The car crash changed all the characters' lives but taught them to become stronger and resilient people. This sometimes meant that they had to learn to forgive others and accept their past to move towards happiness.They were forced to confront their pasts in order to eve on to their futures. Tom's life is changed drastically when the car crashes. He has dug too deep into what he refers to as the ‘black hole' and he loses the will to live: â€Å"Trying to shut down the bad thoughts that always surfaced and suffocated any hope I had of getting my life back. † (pig. 1 5). He tries to get better by starting running as a way of releasing his stre ss and worry. Someone who was essential for Tom to move on was Daniel his brother: â€Å"Do you hate me, Tommy? †¦. ‘Daniel. ‘ I swallowed. ‘You're my brother. (pig. 141) Although Daniel has done such a horrible thing Tom is not willing to give up on his brother. Another character that helps Tom conquer his past is his uncle Brendan. Brendan really gets Tom to open up and see the world from another point of view; this causes Tom to start talking: â€Å"You were hardly ‘Mr.. Have-a-chat' when you arrived. Now I can't shut you up. † (pig 98) He moved on from his past and found happiness in himself and his life again.He finds himself through his girlfriend Christy because when he's with her all he is, is himself: â€Å"When I was with Christy I was me again. Simple Tom Brenna – no ties, no debt, no guilt, no bad thoughts. Just me, the way I had always known myself. † (pig. 261 Although the road to peppiness was hard for Tom, his desire to help those around him saved him and his family: â€Å"But now I knew what I missed the most. I missed me, Tom Brenna, and that's why now I could smile, cause I could see he was coming back. † (pig. 61 ) After the crash it seems like Tees herself fades and becomes little more than a shell. She becomes depressed and barley leaves her room. Her actions affect the whole family but mainly Tom and Kylie. Tom feels neglected and Kylie shuts down without the support of her mother. Once Tees realizes how much her children need her she tries to improve for them: â€Å"I'm sorry, Tommy†¦ ‘m trying, I really am. I promise it'll get better. â€Å"(pig. 216). This is an important part of her recovery and influences her children to improve to.Another important part of Test's recovery is seeing Daniel and learning to accept the crash and his part in It: â€Å"Don't†¦ Don't say that about him. † (pig. 85). This proves that while she may dislike the fact that It wa s Daniels fault she still loves him and will always stand up for him. After Tees had recovered Tom forgets about what she was Like before and the family begins to move forward again: â€Å"It's kind of hard to remember what she was like then† (pig. 265). We see now that it is not is able to move on after she learns to forgive her son Daniel and herself, this is when she can achieve happiness.Daniel is responsible for the deaths of two people and paralyzing his cousin, this would be grueling, for anyone to come to terms with and Daniel struggles with it: â€Å"l f****d up everything. Everything. † (pig. 140). He is fuming and cannot deal with the guilt; He does not believe he deserves to live. During his time in prison he takes part in a peer support program which helps him begin to accept his past in order to move on: â€Å"And that was what Daniel needed the most – a kicked out of the past. â€Å"(pig. 143).Daniel is assigned a mentor who acts as a councilor and he begins to accept that he messed up and needs to move forward from it: â€Å"l did, Tom, and that's what I'm trying to get a handle on. â€Å"(pig. 214). Though Daniel struggles to accept the past and move on he tries his best to. Once he accomplishes this he is able to move on to a happy future much like another character achieves her happiness. Kylie cannot accept the fact that her family was associated horrific event so she shut the whole world out, acting like nothing is wrong and she has moved on hen she clearly had not : â€Å"She'd become tough.It was like I hardly knew her anymore† (pig. 29). Proving that Kylie had been ignoring everybody, although she tried her hardest to ignore the accident and move on from it she couldn't accept it within herself: â€Å"She's angry. This is her way of getting it out. I guess its better that way. † (pig. 176) explaining that she was trying to accept it, but she kept shutting people out it became impossible for her to truly accept it. Until finally it became too much for her and broke down : â€Å"l don't want to be Kylie Brenna. Kylie anyone, but not Kylie Brenna. † (pig. 29) Tom really helps Kylie get back on track â€Å"It's slow, but I can see ahead now, if you know what I mean† (pig. 228) these show how strong there relationship is and that sometimes you have to rely on others to help you so that you can forgive yourself. In the Story of Tom Brenna it tells a confronting tale about a family who has been greatly affected by a tragic car crash. It tells how each character recovered and learns to move on, through forgiveness, forgetting or acceptance. The characters must move on in order to gain happiness in their lives once more.

Mahindra project report Essay

After concrete efforts of our Management, the students of Kohinoor Management School got this esteemed opportunity to have an Industrial visit to a prestigious company like Mahindra and Mahindra Ltd. We appreciate the efforts of the management of KMS & M&M for executing this successful Industrial trip. Introduction to Mahindra: Mahindra & Mahindra Limited is the flagship company of the Mahindra Group, a multinational conglomerate based in Mumbai, India. The company was set up in 1945 in Ludhiana as Mahindra by brothers K.C. Mahindra and J.C. Mahindra. Mahindra & Mahindra is a major automobile manufacturer of tractors, utility vehicles, passenger cars, pickups, commercial vehicles; its tractors are sold on six continents. It has acquired plants in China and the United Kingdom, and has three assembly plants in the USA. M&M has a global presence and its products are exported to several countries. Its global subsidiaries  include Mahindra Europe Srl. based in Italy, Mahindra USA Inc., Mahindra South Africa and Mahindra (China) Tractor Co. Ltd. M&M is one of the leading tractor brands in the world by volume. It is also the largest manufacturer of tractors in India with sustained market leadership of over 25 years. It designs, develops, manufactures, and markets tractors as well as farm implements. The Journey Begins†¦. We reached the Mahindra plant at Kandivali, Mumbai. We headed to the Conference room and were briefed about the Company by a presentation on the leadership and the entire group of M&M followed by the Q & A Session which lasted for an hour. The honors were done none other than Mr. Shirish Tawde, the Deputy General Manager (DGM) of the Company. Accompanying him were Mr. Kishor Sonawane (Manger – Business Excellence), Rajendra Sawant (Sr. Manager Business Excellence), Mr. Mahesh Dalvi (Manager – Business Excellence, Sector Sustainability). With such dignitaries explaining us the world of M&M, we were just as grateful. This plant mainly deals in manufacturing of Tractors and Farm Equipments. The plant is one of the oldest manufacturing plants in the production of tractors in India. After decades in leading the tractor sector M&M have diversified into the roots of farming and have positioned themselves in the Farm Sector. After being briefed through the introduction of M&M plant, we were about to explore the India’s most Prestigious Companies. We were divided into 2 groups of 15 people so as to have individual attention . We visited 3 units of the plant right from examination of engine parts, assembling of engine and main manufacturing of tractors. They manufacture 2,00,000 tractors annually. The FES contributes 35% market share. Hands on approach to Production (where theory meets practical): Each Group was taken separately and explained functioning of the plant. A lot of theory is learnt is class regarding how the manufacturing units focus on Total Productivity, Total Quality, Zero Defect, etc†¦but by far this was the  first hands on experience on how does a Manufacturing unit or plant works. Here we are explained about how the assembly line manufacturing process works. This section of the plant deals with the installation of the main engine of the tractor. In this picture we are introduced to how the stations work in co-ordination to get optimum results. In the pictures below, the students are taken through a complete channel of stations on the assembly station and the supervisor explaining each of this complicated process. The lag or lead time is calculated and each one at every station tries to improve on it so as to reduce the time effect in assembling each engine. The units where tractors are manufactured in assembly lines follow Total Quality Management (TQM) and Total Productivity Management (TPM). Every sub-unit contributes to the production. They avoid material handling losses with pulleys and fork-lifts. All these techniques add value to the production. Indeed there is no surprise they improve their quality and reduce time with ever unit of production of tractor. Here, we are shown how the final tractors are put in place Students Opinion: Kohinoor Management School gave us the Golden Opportunity to visit the Mahindra and Mahindra plant at Kandivali. It was a great experience to know the organization internally. They are successful enough to balance between Business Excellence and Individual Dignity. Their main focus on farm tech prosperity is what like me a lot, as agriculture is the base of the Indian Economy. -Pratibha Shinde. Visit to the M & M was an eye-opener. The journey unfolded various aspect of the tractor division. Starting from the nuts and bolts, the engine, to the massive structure which forms the backbone of the Indian farms and agricultural sector. The gains or the take away from the visit were splendid. The use of Japanese technology in the assembly line, the step by step process layout, the plan B; the vision of always staying ahead were the insights. Lots of management mantras were demonstrated and inculcated. A great learning and an honour to see the invasion of the GREAT INDIAN TRACTOR DIVISION. -Yogendra Joshi. It was my first Industrial visit to any manufacturing plant and enjoyed every bit of it. To be a part of such an esteemed organization and having a look through all their process was an intriguing experience after all. -Shraddha Salunke On behalf of all the Management and the students we take this opportunity to thank the entire team of Mahindra and Mahindra for providing us with the practical information and well as wonderful hospitality. We take moment to offer our greetings to the entire Mahindra and Mahindra team.

Fun Home

About the book: Alison Bechdel’s father Bruce was a high school English teacher, a funeral home operator, and a man who worked tirelessly to restore his Victorian-era home to its original glory. He was a husband and father of three children. On the outside, the Bechdels were a functional nuclear family. However, soon after Bechdel came out to her parents, she learned her father was also gay and that he had sexual relationships with his students. Months after her announcement, her mother filed for divorce – and two weeks after that, her father got run over by a truck. Was it an accident? Was it suicide?Bechdel thinks it was the latter, and in Fun Home, she analyzes her memories, books, and family letters in an attempt to understand who Bruce was and why he chose a life that dissatisfied him so deeply. What I liked: Bechdel’s analysis of her and her father’s lives, and her ability to wed it to distinct visuals, was inventive and involving. I remember one pag e in particular where she mapped out the places where her father was born, lived, and died, and circumscribed the area within one tidy circle to reveal that all of these important things happened within one mile’s distance of each other.The narrative loops back and forth upon itself, and parcels out new information at a measured pace, showing the readers new facets of the same story as it progresses. I appreciated Bechdel’s depth of focus in both her writing and her visuals – nearly everything is in its right place. I admire how much effort went into writing and drawing something so emotionally painful, and how much more effort went into making it all look seamless. Summary: Alison Bechdel grew up with a father who was alternatingly distant and angry, an English teacher and director of the local funeral home (or â€Å"Fun Home†, as Alison and her siblings called it).Their relationship grew more and more complex until Alison was in college. Shortly after A lison had come out to her parents, she learned that her father was also gay†¦ but before she had more than a brief chance to process that news, he was dead. Whether the accident that killed him had been truly an accident or a suicide, Alison would never know, just one of the many mysteries left by her father for Alison to slowly and painfully unravel here. Review:The â€Å"look at my terrible childhood† flavor of memoir is my least favorite flavor, and is responsible for me thinking I didn’t like memoirs in general until relatively recently. I’ll happily grant Fun Home an exception, however, even though it technically does fall into that category. There are several reasons that it sets itself apart from the rest of its peers, but I think the primary reason is that Bechdel is not using her the trauma of childhood for laughs (although there are some humorous touches throughout) or for dramatic potential (although there’s certainly plenty of that as wel l).Instead, there’s a very palpable sense that she’s writing this memoir because she’s really trying to figure out her relationship with her father, and what it meant, and that putting her memories down on paper is the best way she can hope to make sense of it all. The narrative flow does jump backwards and forwards through time, repeating some parts of the story from different angles as they come to bear on different topics, giving it a feeling of â€Å"thinking out loud,† but even so, it doesn’t come across as feeling scattered or unpolished.It also helps that her analysis, both of her father and of herself, is extremely penetrating, with enough emotion to make it powerful but enough age and maturity to make it thoughtful. Bechdel’s prose is similarly both elevated and immediate, verbose and vocabulary-ridden, but still clear and forceful. The book is rife with literary allusions and direct textual comparisons, some of which I got, some of which surely went over my head, but which certainly set the intellectual tone of the book.Bechdel’s art is also great, and I really liked the juxtaposition of her own detailed drawings with the drawn reproduction of photographs, printed text, and her own diary entries. Overall, this was a very thoughtful and penetrating book. I’m sure that there are layers of meaning about homosexuality and the process of coming out that I, as a straight person, didn’t latch on to. But I think there’s also a message that’s applicable to everyone, about the secrets that our parents keep, and about who they really are, and how we, as children of our parents, can manifest those secrets without ever truly understanding them. out of 5 stars.Summary The entire story is present from the first few pages, in the antique decadence that contrasts peculiarly against father Bruce’s strict, volatile perimeters; his cut-off jean shorts; his nose stuck in The Nude by Kenne th Clark; and in Alison’s tomboyish supplication as a child for his affection, channeled instead into the house’s restoration, a House of Usher in reverse. â€Å"It was his passion. And I do mean passion. Libidinal. Manic. Martyred,† writes Bechdel, showing Bruce carrying a porch column bent over his back, wearing only shorts that would make the Village People blush.After Alison types and mails a letter from college telling her parents she is gay, her mother informs her that Bruce, a high school English teacher and part-time funeral home director, had been with men throughout their marriage. The first had been a farmhand at 14; one was even her babysitter, Roy. â€Å"I had imagined my confession as an emancipation from my parents, but instead I was pulled back into their orbit†¦ Why had I told them? I hadn’t even had sex with anyone yet. Conversely, my father had been having sex with men for years and not telling anyone. Four months later, Bruce die d in puzzling (read: suicidal) conditions. Alison impulsively links his death to her sexual revelation — â€Å"the end of his life coincided with the beginning of my truth. † Bechdel traces the fear of this correlation back and forth in time through bizarre, coded interactions with her parents. Watching her narrate cyclonically around this traumatic core — â€Å"a sort of inverted Oedipal complex,† the assertion of her â€Å"erotic truth† destroying her repressed father’s life — is a devastating, bittersweet head-trip.It is the reading equivalent of a photo mosaic: hundreds of tiny images of Alison forming an inescapably dominating image of Bruce. Fun Home also pulls off a portrait of how the invisible histories and private lives of parents impress unwittingly upon children emotionally and psychologically. Plenty of books attempt that, but fewer pull it off without connect-the-dots associations or posturing, fewer still with Fun House ’s effortless juggling of past, present and future.

The Things They Carried Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

The Things They Carried - Essay Example The burdens that the characters carry manifest themselves even before they arrive in Vietnam. In the story â€Å"On a Rainy River,† the narrator O’Brien explains the events that led him to Vietnam in the first place: â€Å"In June of 1968, a month after graduating from Macalester College, I was drafted to fight a war I hated† (44). As a pacifist, he did not believe in going to war, so he contemplated running away to Canada. With his opposition to the war, O’Brien felt that he could not carry the burden of participating in Vietnam; however, these personal burdens were not the only ones that were weighing upon him. He felt that by becoming a deserter, he would become a burden upon his family: â€Å"They carried the soldier’s greatest fear, which was the fear of blushing. Men killed, and died, because they were embarrassed not to. It was what had brought them to the war in the first place, nothing positive, no dreams of glory or honor, just to avoid t he blush of dishonor. They died so as not to die of embarrassment†(16). These motivations run contrary to the traditional motivations for going to war; he at no point considers going to war for patriotic reasons or for dedication to the ideals and causes of his country. Wanting to not disappoint his family, O’Brien decides that the burden of going to Vietnam contrary to his political beliefs was less of a burden than the ramifications of his draft dodging. Vietnam weighed heavily upon O’Brien, and he had not even been to the country yet. Among the necessities or near-necessities were P-38 can openers, pocket knives, heat tabs, wrist watches, dog tags, mosquito repellent, chewing gum, candy, cigarettes, salt tablets, packets of Kool-Aid, lighters, matches, sewing kits, Military payment Certificates, C rations, and two or three canteens of water. Together, these items weighed

What is fairness (fair) and what is justice (just) Compare and Personal Statement

What is fairness (fair) and what is justice (just) Compare and contrast both - Personal Statement Example 161). It means all citizens have the same rights as anyone else, regardless of their station or lot in life. In Platos definition, justice means attending to the proper order of things in society. Justice means equal respect for the rights of everyone, without discrimination to age, gender, race, color, etc. Fairness, on the other hand, means a quality of being free from bias, inequity, injustice, or making decisions or judgments without any discrimination. To be fair means to be making the compromises necessary for all parties concerned, although it may not mean complete justice. The notion of fairness can be better understood in the norm of need. This means being fair is to help all people meet their needs according to what is just, and also based on resource constraints. Not all individuals can be given what they need, but some can partly be satisfied based on fairness. A good example is the obligation of the state to provide everyone with health insurance coverage but not everybody can be covered due to limitations of financial resources or budget cuts. In this connection, the Affirmative Action program was designed to address the fairness issue, with regards to access to educational and employment opportunities (Jansson, 2009, p. 30) and intended to counteract the discrimination suffered by some minorities or segment of society. It attempts to create an equal or level playing field, with the stated aim to achieve social

Financial_Managment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Financial_Managment - Essay Example The other significant cash flows include the firm’s cash flows from operations. These are derived by first getting the revenues after multiplying the forecasted sales volume to the sales price. After getting the revenues, the variable costs for labor and variable costs for materials are subtracted the gross contribution margin is derived. By deducting the additional fixed costs for the project and the depreciation expenses with the absence of income taxes in the analysis is derived, the incremental profit which is also the incremental cash flow. This incremental operating cash flow is significant in the latter analysis for getting the net present value and internal rate of return. The forecasted operating cash flows for the company are as follows: 1350000 in 2008, 1150000 in 2009, 1850000 in 2010, 1100000 in 2011, and 450000 in 2012. The last significant cash flow figure is the terminal cash flow which is comprised of the salvage value of the machinery as well as the recovery of working capital. The salvage value is derived getting the 10% of the purchase price of the machinery amounting to 425,000, which are the estimated selling price of the machinery after five years. The recovery of the working capital at the end of the project amounts to 1350000 in 2012. The total cash flows are then computed according to the year when they occurred. After the significant cash flows are computed, the time value of money should be considered as regards the timing of the cash flow in order to assess the investment well. Because of the time value of money, we need to bring the total cash flows and get their present value using the 12% hurdle rate as discount factor. By getting the present value of the cash flows then deducting the initial investment, we get a net present value of 777,745. The rule of thumb for getting the net present